Piston and piston ring



, H.` KISTNER.

PISTON AND PISTON RING.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7. 1920.

' 1,43%97?, Patented Dec. 5, 1922, f E Sl 'l' /5 /Z ZZ Z5 Z/ /0 Z0 1'? x /0 i -i Zz 27- (y u 5? /7 54 r/fm'yazzef Patented Ecc.. 5, 1922.

unirse stares? HERVIAN KISTNER, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.

Prs'ron Ann rrs'roN nine.

Application led September 17, 1920. Serial No. 410,949.

To all w/iom it' may Concern.'

Be it known that l, HERMAN'KISTNER, a citizen oi the United States, residing in the city ot Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented cer tain new and useful improvements in Pistons and Piston Rings, of which the following is a specification.

`One of the objects of this invention is in the provision of a type of piston, particu-A larly adapted for use in gas or like pxplosion engines, in which the piston rings are under constant spring pressure adapted to expand the same and prevent leakage, piston wear and carbon deposit.

Other objects, becoming apparent as the description progresses, are achievedvby the structural combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings, forming amaterial part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partially in section, of the assembled piston.

Figure 2 is a bottoni plan view thereof.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Figure i is a fragmentary vertical seetional view showing a modification in construction.

Figure 5 is a plan view showing another modiiication.

Figure 6 is a perspective View showing the form of spring used in the modification shown lin Fig. 5.v v

In the drawings the numeral 10 indicates the cylindrical body of the piston, having an outer solid head 11 formed with an annular outwardly extending flange 12 preferably bevelled on the side 13 adjoining the piston bod li/iidway in the length of the piston are a pair of oppositely disposed, 'inwardly'extending projections 14.*, bored in alignment, transversely to the piston, to receive a wrlst pin (not shown).

rThese projections are materially stiened by webs 15 extending to the head 11 and intersecting with other ribs 16 crossing the head upon its inner side.

At the opposite end of the piston are a plurality ci inwardly extending lugs 17, tour being shown, and adjacent to these lugs are longitudinal recesses 18 having oset upper portions 19 arranged to register with the ings as shown in Figs. 1 and d, forming in effect a type of bayonet joint or, as in Fig. 4 the portion 19 may be reached spacer ring 23 presenting bevelled side edges that upon being iforced into Contact with the packing ring, causes them to spring outwardly against the wall of the engine cylinder, forming a tight but sliding joint adapted to prevent leaking and alsov to scrape away any deposit of carbon from the cylinder. y

@ne or more oil grooves 2li are formed in the sleeve 2O adapted to supply lubricating material as required.

Near the lower end of the sleeve is an inner, annular recess 25 from which extend radial lugs 27, corresponding in number, size and disposition iwith the lugs 17 and enterable into the cylinder body through the recesses 18 or 18 to the oiiset portions 19, causing the lugs 27 and 17 t0 align.

Disposed between these lugs are spirally wound compression springs 28, the sainev being guided by pins 29 set in the lower sides of the lugs 27 and entering the coils as indicated.

From theforegoing it will be seen that the effect or' the springs is' to torce the sleeve 20 towards the piston head 11, compressing the packing rings and 4causing them to expand in an obvious manner.

When the sleeve has been. rotated relative to the piston body to bring the lugs into registration, a pin 30 may be passed through a slot 31 formed in the sleeve and secured in the body of the piston,`thus preventing any possibility of accidental displacement oi the sleeve and lugs carried b it.

yin the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6, in place of the spiral springs being inserted between the lugs, semi-elliptic .springs 32 are used instead, their raised centers or crowns 33 making contact withthe bottoms ci the lugs 27 and their feet 3ft resting upon ico lli-3G the lugs l' in contact with the feet or cor responding parts of adjacent springs and forming a complete undulating circle within the body of' thev piston, close to its inner wall, the springs being bent to its curvature.

While the piston rings have been shown and described as being bevelled upon both sides, it will be understood that ii' the side adjacent the sleeve be bevelled, it will Cause the ring to expand when under pressure in substantially the same manner.

While the lugs 27 are shown as extending' from the recess 25, it will be apparent that the recess is only used to permit machine nishing the sleeve and that the lugs may be attached by riveting or other secure means as preferred.

ln general this disclosure is to be regarded as illustrative rather than limitative of the invention and that minor modifications may be made not requiring the exercise of inventive genius and without deviating from the scope of the appended claims.

ll claim:

1. A piston including a cylindrical body having a head and an annular projecting flange at one end, a sleeve slidable exteriorly of said body, packing rings disposed between adjacent surfaces of said flange and sleeve, and spring means arranged within said body for maintaining said sleeve under pressure in the direction of said packing rings.

2. A piston including a cylindrical body having a head and an annular projecting flange at one end and Ia plurality of openings Vin its walls, a sleeve slidable exteriorly of said body and formed with lugs projecting inwardly loosely through said openings in the body, packing rings disposed between adjacent surfaces of said flange and sleeve, and spring means interposed between said lugs and said body to force said sleeve into engagement with said packing rings.

3. A piston including a cylindrical body having a head and an annular projecting flange at one end, said body being 'formed with a plurality of openings in its walls and inwardly projecting lugs, a sleeve slidable eXteriorly of said body and formed with lugs egrtending` inwardly loosely through said openings in opposed relation to said lugs on the body, and springs interposedbetween each pair of said opposed lugs to force said sleeve toward said packing rings.

said fixed ring, other lugs en the interiory of said sleeve adapted te pass threugh openu ings in said body intoregistration with the rst named lugs, and springs held between each pair-of opposed whereby' said sleeve a is pressed towards said lined ringo 5. A piston comprising a bellow cylindrical body having an annularly flanged head, a sleeve movable on said bedy, split packing rings and a spacer each having bevelled sides, said head and sleeve vbeing suited to engage the bevelled sides, 'lugs eX tending inwardly from ythe opposite end of said body, there being openings adjacent said lugs leading to recesses` in alignment with the lugs, other lugs on the interior of said sleeve enterable into the recesses through the mentioned openings, andsprings seated on the first namedlugs abutting against the last named lugs whereby f said sleeve is pressed against said rings causing said rings to expand,

Y 6. A piston comprising a hollow cylindrical body having an annularly flanged head, a sleeve movable ony said body, split packing rings and a yspacer each having bevelled sides, said head and sleeve being suited to engage the bevelled sides, lugs extending inwardly from the opposite end of said body, there being openingsadjacent said lugs'leading to recesses in alignment with the lugs, other lugs on the interior of said sleeve enterable into the recesses through the mentioned openings registerable with the first named lugs, semi-elliptical springs, curved to suit the interior of saidL piston body, their juxtaposed extremities resting in -paired relation on the rst named lugs, their raised elements being in contact with the last named lugs, and means removably engaging between said sleeve and body preventing relative rotar motion.

This speci cation signed and witnessed this 15th day of September, 1920;

HERMAN KllSTNElR.

llVitnesses:V

Frnnir C. FISCHER,

ll?. Norm. 

